NSCA CPT H21

Each disc has two layers:

what is one cause of posterolateral disc herniation (most common type):

when a disc herniates:

what tends to push the discs nuclear material posteriorly, encouraging it to move beyond its normal confines toward the spinal canal and nerve roots:

avoid what kind of exercises and perform what kind of activities:

*muscle strains are tears to muscle fibers
traumatic muscle strains:
overuse injury:

spondylolysis=
spondylolisthesis=

common faults that cause medial rotation of the humerus and protraction of the shoulder, as well as weakness of the posterior aspect:

impingement syndrome=

after reducing inflammation focus on exercises to improve:

rotator cuff muscles:

muscles attaching to the scapula must function properply to rotate the scapula during overhead movements:

Exercises that elicit high levels of rotator cuff activation while minimizing compensation from other muscle groups:

Clients who have had impingement syndrome should concentrate on:

exercises used cautiously:
* and some cardiovascular exercises are a problem

caution must be used with ... sports

Anterior shoulder (glenohumeral joint) instability:

Exercise indications for instability (rotator cuff and scapular strengthening) are similar for those for impingement, since ultimately the rotator cuff is the primary dynamic stabilizer of the glenohumeral joint
DANGEROUS MOVEMENTS:

what kind of exercises place the shoulder in a position of stress and can result in overload to the rotator cuff:

aerobic endurance activities that cause discomfort or pain should be limited, such as:

A rotator cuff repair is typically carried out when damage to the rotator cuff tendons includes a:

these tears cause altered joint mechanics and are repaired using:

one complication following rotator cuff surgery=

Ankle sprain is one of the most common related sport injuries accounting for ...-...% of all athletic injuries
Linked to sports requiring:

the most frequently reported type of ankle sprain=

the lateral aspect of the ankle is primarily stabilized by three ligaments:
1.
2.
3.

... is encouraged because small amount of stress promotes more complete tissue healing

what will properly prepare the joint for more functional activities:

Three common conditions of the knee:
1. anterior knee pain 2. anterior cruciate ligament injury 3. total knee arthroplasty
a common goal in all knee injury rehabilitation=

1. ANTERIOR KNEE PAIN/PFPS=

Causes:

- Exercises prescribed with caution:
- Exercises avoided:
- Contraindicated:
- Recommended:

It is also common to use a form of:

2. ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT (ACL)=

ACL reconstruction use:

incorporation of a dynamic w-up will promote:

specific contraindications for exercise following ACL reconstruction include:

3. TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY (TKA)=

rehabilitation begins immediately with:
individuals perform ... and ... initially in the hospital and at home prior to formal outpatient rehabilitation

- clients often have ...-... degrees knee flexion and nearly complete knee extension
- ... exercises are risky and impose added stresses on the knee
- because ... is contraindicated during the first few weeks its necessary to avoid exercises requiring that position
- exercise using less than ... degrees knee flexion postures are recommended

HIP
Although its the same type of joint as the shoulder, the hip has:

HIP ARTHROSCOPY=

rehabilitation, focus on:
total time for return to activity:

sport specific training phase of postoperative recovery should involve:

HIP REPLACEMENT/TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY (THA)=

Two primary prostheses:
1. ... =
2. ... =

Difference:
1.
2.

common movement restrictions first 6 weeks:
-
-
-

avoid:
improve function:

Osteoarthritis (OA)=

recommended supplements:

exercise indications include:

recommendations
- upper extremity:
- lower extremity:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)=

most likely cause:

impairments:

during RA exacerbation:
*RA is considered progressive
manifestations:

areas commonly affected:

RT/exercises:
avoided:

OA and RA both benefit from aerobic and strengthening exercise, difference=

HIP ARTHROSCOPY
- contraindications:
- extra contraindications:
- indications:

HIP ARTHROPLASTY
- weight bearing status:
- ROM limitations:
- precautions:

OA
- movement contraindications:
- exercise contraindications:
- exercise indications:

RA: - movement contraindications:
- exercise contraindications:
- exercise indications:

Impingement syndrome
- movement contraindications:
- exercise contraindications:
- exercise indications:

Instability
- movement contraindications:
- exercise contraindications:
- exercise indications:

rotator cuff pathology
- movement contraindications:
- exercise contraindications:
- exercise indications:

shoulder exercise modifications
- shoulder press:
- bench press:
- pec deck:
- lat pull down:

Ankle movement and exercise guidelines (inversion sprain)
- movement contraindications:
- exercise contraindications:
- exercise indications:

Knee movement and exercise guidelines
ANTERIOR KNEE PAIN
- movement contraindications:
- exercise contraindications:
- exercise indications:

ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION
- movement contraindications:
- exercise contraindications:
- exercise indications:

TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
- movement contraindications:
- exercise contraindications:
- exercise indications: