TEST BANK FOR PRIMARY CARE ART AND SCIENCE OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING pass

TEST BANK FOR PRIMARY CARE ART AND
SCIENCE OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING pass



Primary prevention - Primary prevention: the prevention of disease (i.e. immunizations, prenatal care, and dental fluoride).

Secondary prevention: - early screening and detection of disease (i.e. mammography and colonoscopy)

Tertiary prevention: - the restoration of health after illness or disease has occurred (i.e. use of anti-hypertensives or cholesterol lowering medications).

Screening - early signs of chronic disease surface in midlife or between 40 and 65 years.

Nonmodifiable risk factors - include sex, age, and genetic/family history.

Nonmodifiable - means the risk factors cannot be changed in any way.

Health literacy - is commonly defined as the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic information and services needed to make appropriate decisions regarding their health (Affordable Care Act, 2010).

health promotion - can be defined as activities and preventive measures that contribute to an individual's state of optimal health.
Pivotal role in educating the patient and the community about health-promoting behaviors

Many instruments are available to assess a person's level of health literacy - •Newest
Vital Scale (N V S) instrument;
•Test of Functional Health literacy in Adults (T O F H L A); and
•Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine-Short Form (R E A L M-S F).

Three major government initiatives that have had great impact on health promotion in the United States are - the National Prevention Strategy, Healthy People 2020, and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force

Seven Priorities of NPS are identified to reduce the burden of the leading causes of preventable death and major illness - •Tobacco-Free Living
•Preventing Drug Abuse and Excessive Alcohol Use •Healthy Eating
•Active Living
•Injury and Violence-Free Living
•Reproductive and Sexual Health
•Mental and Emotional Well-being

Immunization Practices - §Children should receive approximately 25 vaccines by age 5 years.
§Should continue to receive one Tdap every 10 years.
§Recommendations for adults include annual flu immunizations, as well as pneumococcal, meningococcal, Hep A, and Hep B immunizations for those with certain risk factors related to their health, job, or lifestyle.
§Older adults should receive a V Z V immunization at age 60 to prevent shingles and a pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine at age 65 to protect them from pneumonia. §Immunization schedules change rapidly; the most current information can be obtained at the C D C's website.

In 1986, the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act required that all health-care providers report any severe adverse reactions to whom? - Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (V A E R S) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (C D C).

The length of time from administration to the appearance of an adverse reaction is - between 7 and 30 days and is dependent on whether the vaccine contains live virus. When in doubt, it is best to report the event.

The information regarding potential reactions for each vaccine is available in the - Red
Book developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics (www.aap.org) or on the C D C
Web site under the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports (M M W R)
(www.cdc.gov/mmwr) section

prevalence rate - refers to the number of cases of a particular disease at a particular point in time divided by the percentage of the population at a point in time *The prevalence rate does not distinguish between new and old cases

incidence rate - is the number of new cases of a disease diagnosed at a point in time (example, 1 year).

Morbidity - number of people who have been diagnosed with a disease divided by the number of total population at risk