BIOLOGY GCSE EDEXCEL.WITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.A+
GRADED.2023/2024.
What is meiotic cell division? --CORRECT ANSWER--- Meiosis is a type of cell division that
reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four genetically
different haploid gamete cells
Describe DNA --CORRECT ANSWER--- DNA is a polymer which is made up of:
1. Two strands coiled to form a double helix
2. Strands linked by a series of complementary base pairs joined together by weak hydrogen
bonds (A - T and C - G)
3. Nucleotides that consist of a sugar and phosphate group with one of the four different bases
attached to the sugar
What is the genome? --CORRECT ANSWER--- The genome is the entire DNA of the organism
What is a gene? --CORRECT ANSWER--- A section of a DNA molecule that codes for a specific
protein
Explain how DNA can be extracted from fruit --CORRECT ANSWER--- The most simplest way to
extract DNA is to extract it from a fruit like kiwi
1. Peel the skin from half a kiwi fruit and mash it up
2. Mix a teaspoon of salt and small volume of washing up liquid into the fruit (this is going to
break down the cell membrane and release the cells content)
3. Heat mixture at about 60 degrees for five minutes
4. After filtering the mixture, retain only the filtered liquid (this is separate DNA from the rest of
the contents so we only have DNA left)
5. Using an ice bath cool the filtered liquid and pour chilled ethanol onto the top of the filtrate
Explain why there are differences in the inherited characteristics as a result of the alleles --
CORRECT ANSWER--- The genes you inherit will control what characteristics you will have.
Different genes control different characteristics. Some characteristics are controlled by a single
gene and others are controlled by a combination of genes. All genes come in different versions
called alleles. You have two alleles for each particular gene n the body. If an organism has two
alleles for a particular gene that is the same then we say that the organism is homozygous. If
the two alleles for a particular gene is different then it's heterozygous
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