PART 5: COMPREHENSIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY REVIEW: A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTION AND ANSWERS APPROACH

Visual acuity (distant and near) is an assessment of central vision as per
A. Optic nerve head
B. Macula
C. Periphery of retina
D. Fundus

Failure of formation of optic vesicle from neuroectoderm results in
A. Exophthalmos
B. Panophthalmos
C. Anophthalmos
D. Endophthalmos

In fundoscopy, the optic nerve head is best viewed
A. Superiorly
B. Laterally
C. Medially
D. Inferiorly

Instrument used to measure the angle structure of the eye is
A. Cornea loupe
B. Minus lens
C. Gonio lens
D. Microscope

The presence of raised intraocular pressure with absence of optic nerve cupping and visual field defects (loss) seen in an eye is called
A. Glaucoma
B. Secondary glaucoma
C. Ocular hypertension
D. High IOP

Preparation for General Anaesthesia Involve All EXCEPT
A. Removal of dentures
B. Confirm consent
C. pass naso-gastric tube
D. measure and record vital signs

The effect of cyclopentolate is reversed by
A. adrenaline
B. physiogmine
C. atropine
D. timolol

Many ocular drugs are transported partly attached to
A. red blood cells
B. white blood cells
C. platelets
D. plasma protein

Subconjuntival injection is contraindicated in
A. sympathetic ophthalmitis
B. red eye
C. uveitis
D. haemorrhage in the eye

Unilateral conjunctivitis is commonly seen in
A. Blepharitis
B. Vernal conjunctivitis
C. Dacrocystitis
D. Trachoma

Primary eye care activities includes the following EXCEPT
A. Promotive
B. Curative
C. Rehabilitative
D. Research

The total refractive power of the emmetropic eye
A. + 50D
B. +55D
C. +60D
D. +63D

Which of the following management function is highly essential in achieving positive results in nursing
A. Delegating
B. Planning
C. Staffing
D. Directing

The following are seen in atropine instillation EXCEPT
A. Dilated pupil
B. Paralysis of accommodation
C. Increased water content of tears
D. Decreased water content of tears

Sudden increase in blood sugar in a diabetic patient causes
A. Myopia
B. Hypermetropia
C. Presbyopia
D. Anisiometropia

The most common adverse effect of oral contraceptive on the eye is
A. Ring scotoma
B. Nystagmus
C. Colour blindness
D. Optic neuritis

Steroid-induced ocular complications include
A. Papilloedema
B. Central veinous occlusion
C. Glaucoma
D. All of the above

The strategy for community ophthalmology practice at the primary level involves the following EXCEPT
A. Preventive
B. Promotive
C. Palliative
D. Curative

The volume of the orbit is
A. 30 ml
B. 40 ml
C. 50 ml
D. 60 ml

The thickest of the wall of the orbit is
A. Roof
B. Lateral wall
C. Floor
D. Medial wall

Which of the characteristic in nursing process addresses the individual care of a client must receive
A. Effective
B. Efficient
C. Humanistic
D. Organized and systematic

All EXCEPT one is not a characteristic of nursing objectives
A. Attainable
B. Specific
C. Understandable
D. Measurable

Microscopically, the neural retina is subdivided into
A. 5 layers
B. 6 layers
C. 7 layers
D. 9 layers

At birth, the human eye is usually
A. Hypermetropic
B. Myopic
C. Emmetropic
D. Anisiokonic

All the underlisted except one is not a differential diagnosis of a red eye
A. Acute angle closure glaucoma
B. Conjunctivitis
C. Toxoplasmosis
D. Corneal ulcer

The best method of detecting retained glass as intraocular foreign bodies is
A. Radioogrphy
B. Tonography
C. CT Scan
D. Ultrasonography

Which of the following is an element of negligence
A. Maladjustment
B. Duty of care
C. Crime
D. Beneficence

During school eye health programme the pupils identified with myopia are advised to
A. Sit on row close to windows
B. Sit on front row in the class
C. Sit in middle row in the class
D. Use spectacle

The antibacterial substance present in the tears is
A. Betalysin
B. Lactoferin
C. Lyzosome
D. All of the above

Any deviation in the visual axis is termed
A. Coloboma
B. Scotoma
C. Strasbismus
D. Iridodenesis

Which of the following antiseptic is best used for ocular surgery
A. Alcohol
B. Hibitane
C. Povidon iodine
D. Savlon

Clinical features of presbyopia include the following EXCEPT
A. Headache
B. Tiredness
C. Eye strain
D. Emmetropia

The thickest layer of the tear film is
A. Mucin layer
B. Lipid layer
C. Aqueous layer
D. Superficial layer

In research, hypothesis testing is sometimes referred to as
A. Exploratory data analysis
B. Power analysis
C. Deductive reasoning
D. Confirmatory data analysis

The following drugs has antiemetic effect EXCEPT
A. Promethazine
B. Propofol
C. Etomidate
D. Haloperidol

A clinical condition called black eye occurs in blunt injury due to the following factors EXCEPT
A. Skin of the eye lid is the thinnest
B. Subcutaneous tissue being loose distend easily
C. Submuscular areolar tissue continues with aponeurosis of the scalp
D. Skin of lid is highly mobile

In hypertensive eye disease the most severe and dreaded fundal changes the impairs vision is
A. Central/branched arterial occlusion(CBAO)
B. Neuropathy
C. Retinopathy
D. Choroidopathy

The following are normal haemoglobin in humans EXCEPT
A. Hb A
B. Hb A2
C. Hb F
D. Hb S

In sickle cell disease, the alteration in the amino acid chain is responsible for the changes in haemoglobin molecule as follows EXCEPT
A. Shape and oxygen affinity
B. Solubility
C. Life span
D. Hyperviscosity

Rubeosis iridis is seen in most severe type of retinopathy in
A. hypertension
B. sickle cell
C. diabetes
D. tuberculosis

Fluorescein angiography is a clinical investigation to determine the arterial integrity in the following conditions EXCEPT
A. Hypertensive retinopathy
B. Diabetic retinopathy
C. sickle cell retinopathy
D. glaucoma

In nursing process, to allay patient’s anxiety the nurse need not do one of these
A. Answer patient questions appropriately
B. Create rapport and reassure patients
C. Explain the possible prognosis of condition to patient
D. Obtain expressed consent

The coordinated use of both eyes to produce a single vision is tremed
A. Stereopsis
B. Fusion
C. Binocular single vision
D. Suppression

The following are types of organization EXCEPT
A. Formal organization
B. Informal organization
C. Open and close organization
D. Bureaucratic organization

Persons who have normal colour vision are said to be
A. Dichromats
B. Monochromats
C. Trichromats
D. Quadrichromats

Tritenopia is a person who has complete deficiency of
A. Blue receptor cones
B. Red receptor cones
C. Green receptor cones
D. Orange receptor cones

Cones and rods in the eye responds to wave length of light between
A. 3,900 – 7,800A
B. 390 – 780A
C. 380 – 780A
D. 3,900 – 7,000A

Venae vorticosae drain blood from the
A. Lens
B. Sclera
C. Uveal tissue
D. Optic nerve

The causative organism of toxoplasmosis is
A. Toxoplasma gondi
B. Toxoplasma caris
C. Toxocariasis
D. Toxocara caris

The most dreaded ocular complications of HIV/AIDS beside blindness is
A. Herpes zoster ophthalmicos
B. Kaposi sarcoma of the eye
C. Ocular haemangioma
D. Phthisis bulbi

The famous 14 principles of management was first defined by
A. Adam Smith
B. James Watt
C. Henri Fayol
D. Elton Mayo

Management by objective (MBO) as an organizational tool was first explained by
A. Peter F. Drucker
B. Robert Owen
C. Henry Taone
D. Hugo Munsterberg

The four central concepts in nursing include the following EXCEPT
A. Person and environment
B. Health
C. Nursing
D. Hospital

Inflammation of the conjunctiva is called……….
A. Blephritis
B. Conjunctivitis
C. Keratitis
D. Iritis

Entropion is……
A. Inward turning of the eye lids
B. A painless swollen on the lids
C. Boil on the eye
D. Inflammation of the cornea

Inflammation of the cornea is
A. Scleritis
B. Conjunctivitis
C. Keratitis
D. Iritis

Outward turning of the eye lids is refer to as
A. Madarosis
B. Glaucoma
C. Chalazion
D. Ectropion

Opacity of the lens is known as
A. Glaucoma
B. Cataract
C. Trachiasis
D. Choroiditis

The white part of the eye is called
A. Sclera
B. Retina
C. Iris
D. Lens

Chalazion refers to
A. Absence of eye brows
B. A painless swollen on the eyelids
C. Pox on the anterior chamber
D. Blood in the anterior chamber

All are conditions that affect the eye except
A. Glaucoma
B. Cataract
C. Conjunctivitis
D. Retina

Choroiditis is
A. Inflammation of the choroid
B. Inflammation of the iris
C. Inflammation of cornea
D. Inflammation of the sclera

……….is associated with deficiency of vitamin A
A. Trachoma
B. Glaucoma
C. Xerophthalmia
D. Entropion

The following forms part of the inner eye except
A. Vitreous humor
B. Retina
C. Optic nerve
D. Eyelashes

Visual acuity is measured at what distance
A. 6 meters
B. 8 meters
C. 11 meters
D. 13 meters

An increase in intraocular pressure is
A. Cataract
B. Glaucoma
C. Trachiasis
D. Hypopion

All but one is not a cause of ophthalmia neonatrum
A. Chlamydial infection
B. Gonococcus
C. Streptococcus
D. Vitamin A deficiency

The predisposing factor of retinoblastoma include
A. Genetics
B. Excessive smoking in pregnancy
C. Cytotoxic drugs
D. All of the above

A parasitic infection that affect the eye cause by an organism known as onchocerca vulvolus is
A. Trachoma
B. Onchocerciasis
C. Trypanosomiasis
D. Lymphatic fillariasis

Retinitis is………………………
A. Inflammation of the retina
B. Inflation of the conjunctiva
C. Inflammation of the choroid
D. Inflammation of the iris

Causes of visual impairment and blindness includes
A. Cataract
B. Onchocerciasis
C. Glaucoma
D. All of the above

Types of cataract include the following;
A. Traumatic cataract
B. Toxic cataract
C. Senile cataract
D. All of the above

The inability of the lens to relax to it normal position and focus on tiny objects is…..
A. Presbyopia
B. Viral conjunctivitis
C. Ophthalmia neonatrum
D. Scleritis

Which of the following prevent dirt from getting into the eyes?
A. Eyebrow
B. Eyelids
C. Eyelashes
D. None of the above

………….is the nerve cell that joins at the back of the retina
A. Trigeminal nerve
B. Optic nerve
C. Vestibulocochlear nerve
D. Olfactory nerve

All but one is not part of the eye
A. Nostril
B. Cornea
C. Lens
D. Retina

When conducting visual acuity, you instruct patient to close left eye to measure right eye after that you instruct the patient to close right eye and measure the left eye
A. False
B. True
C. Don’t know
D. All of the above

Degrees of cataract includes
A. Immatured
B. Matured
C. Hypermatured
D. All of the above

Normal vision is called
A. Emmetropia
B. Presbyopia
C. Myopia
D. Hypermetropia

Absence of eyebrows is
A. Conjunctivitis
B. Scleritis
C. Madarosis
D. Keratitis

Attachment of the iris to the lense is
A. Posterior synechia
B. Glaucoma
C. Choroiditis
D. Iritis

Inflammation of the optic nerve is known as
A. Retinitis
B. Optic neuritis
C. Blephritis
D. Myopia

Symptoms of trachoma includes
A. Inflamed conjunctiva
B. Reddened/pink eye
C. Sensitive to bright light
D. All of the above

All but one are types of glaucoma
A. Angle closure glaucoma (acute)
B. open angle glaucoma (chronic)
C. .congenital glaucoma
D. .None of the above

All but one are symptoms of congenital glaucoma
A. redness of the eye
B. high intraocular pressure
C. bull eye
D. keratomegally

All the following are causes of opthalmia neonatorum except
A. chlamydial infection
B. Gonococcus
C. clostridium tetani
D. Staphylococcus

All the following are requirement for measuring distance of visual acuity excepts
A. tape
B. snellens chart
C. pen torch
D. weighing scale

All but one are example of viral conjunctivitis except
A. mobilla
B. polynosa
C. heomophilus
D. all of the above

All the following are investigation of viral conjunctivitis except
A. history taking
B. clinical features
C. occular examination
D. None of the above

Myopia is
A. is a refractive error in which the picture of an object fall before the retina
B. is a refractive error in which the picture of an object fall after the cornea
C. the picture of an object fall after the retina must on people with small eye
D. none of the above

Which of the following is not true in the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis
A. use of corticosteroid eye drop and eye ointment
B. apply 1% tetracycline eye ointment into both eye for 7 days
C. clean eye 4 to 6 times per day with boiled water or 0.9% Nacl(hypertonic solution)
D. all are true

Medical short hand in the ophthalmic OCC means
A. occular
B. eye drop
C. eye ointments
D. none of the above